Üzerinden 8 şeritli karayolu ve 2 şeritli tren yolu geçecek olan 3. Boğaz
Köprüsü, dev taşıma operasyonları yarattı. Yatırım bedeli 4.5 milyar TL olan köprünün inşaatı
için dünyanın dört bir yanından malzeme taşıması yapıldı. Bazı çelik ürünler
Güney Kore’den ve Malezya’dan, döküm kule ve dağıtım semerleri İtalya’dan
getirildi. Fransa, Almanya, Çin gibi ülkelerden de malzeme getirilirken,
sevkiyatlar için genellikle denizyolu tercih edildi. Denizyolu ile gelen malzemeler,
çoğunlukla Ambarlı Limanı’ndaki gümrük alanına ulaştırıldı. Malzemeler gümrük
işlemlerinin akabinde çok dingilli kara taşıtları ile şantiye alanına sevk
edildi. 3. Boğaz Köprüsü için sevkiyatı zor yapılan malzemeler ise en ağırı 923
ton olan çelik tabliyeler oldu. Bugüne kadar 59 çelik tabliyeden 48'inin montaj
ve kaynak işlemi tamamlandı. Asya ve Avrupa yakasının birleşmesine 247 metre
kaldı. 3. Boğaz Köprüsü'nün taşıma sistemlerinden sonuncusu olan askı
kablolarının dev parçaları büyük bir lojistik operasyonuyla Çin'den Türkiye'ye
getirildi. 106 tonluk ilk bölüm, özel olarak tasarlanan sistem sayesinde
havayolu Rus yapımı dev Antonov uçağıyla iki gün içinde Çin'den İstanbul'daki
inşaat sahasına ulaştırıldı. Kalan kabloların sevkiyatının ise 2 parti halinde
denizyoluyla yapılması planlanıyor.
Kuzey Marmara (3. Boğaz Köprüsü Dahil) Otoyolu Projesi’nin tamamlanması
ve diğer ulaşım modları ile gerekli entegrasyonun sağlanmasıyla İstanbul şehir
içi trafiğinde yaşanan yoğunluğun azaltılması hedefleniyor.
The 3rd Bridge creates colossal transport operations
The 3rd Bosphorus Bridge, on which a 8-lane motorway and 2-lane railway
will pass, has created colossal transport operations as well. For the
construction of the Bridge, whose investment value is 4.5 billion TL, materials
from all over the world were carried. The materials with most difficulty in
shipment were the steel deck slabs, the heaviest of which was 923 tons. Giant
parts of the suspension cables were carried from China to Turkey by air transport
through a substantial logistics operation.
The 3rd Bosphorus Bridge included in the scope of the Northern Marmara
Highway Project carried out by the IC İçtaş – Astaldi JV will be the widest
suspension bridge of the world with a width of 59 meters and longest spanning
one that has a rail system on it, with a main span of 1,408 meters. Another
breakthrough of the bridge is that it is the suspension bridge with the highest
tower of the world with a height of more than 322 meters. A 8-lane motorway and
2-lane railway will pass at the same level over the 3rd Bosporus Bridge that
will be of a product with cutting edge technology and engineering. The rail
system to be situated at the Odayeri – Paşaköy section of the North Marmara
Highway Project will carry passengers from Edirne to Izmit. Ataturk Airport,
Sabiha Gökçen Airport, and newly built 3rd
Airport will be connected with each other with the rail system that will
be integrated with Marmaray and Istanbul Subway.
SHIPMENTS WERE CONDUCTED FROM MANY PLACES
Construction of the 3rd Bosporus Bridge started in 2013 is ongoing at full
throttle. The bridge project targeted to be completed this year has created
considerable amount of logistics operation as well. Shipments of materials from
many countries of the world were conducted for the project. Some steel products
were brought from South Korea and Malaysia and casting tower and distribution
saddles from Italy. Materials were also brought from other countries like
France, Germany, and China and sea transportation was preferred for their
shipments. The materials arriving by sea were mainly delivered to the customs area at the Port of Ambarlı. They
were transferred to the worksite area after the customs clearances via
multi-axle land vehicles.
GIANT SLABS WERE CARRIED VIA SEA
The materials with difficult shipment were the steel deck slabs, the
heaviest of which was 923 tons. The steel plates coming from South Korea were rendered ready for panel production in
the plant in Gebze, Izmit, and then, panel production was carried out in the
factory in Istanbul’s district of Tuzla. Subsequent to the production of the
panels, they were dispatched to Altınova, Yalova, to make the steel deck slabs.
The deck slabs were dispatched from there to the construction area on a ship.
The traffic of the Bosporus was temporarily closed during the dispatch of the
deck slabs and their removal from the ship. During the dispatch of the deck
slabs and their removal from the ship, varied factors were handled and
evaluated in terms of weather conditions and marine transport technique and
planning was conducted accordingly. Mounting and welding of 48 of the 59 steel
deck slabs have been conducted so far. There has been 247 meters left for the
merger of the Asian and European sides.
Within the scope of the project, a giant crane with 1250 ton carriage
capacity was brought to the project site in the form of parts for lifting and
placement of the first steel deck slab with 4,5 meters of length and
approximately 400 tons of weight. The parts
of the paletted crane were carried with 45 trailer trucks. Total period of
mounting lasted 4-5 days. During the assembly of the crane, 2 mobile cranes,
with 500 tons and 130 tons capacity, were used.
LOGISTICS OPERATION FROM CHINA TO ISTANBUL
Giant parts of the suspension cables that were the last carriage systems of
the 3rd Bosporus Bridge were carried from China to Turkey by air transport
through a substantial logistics operation. 106-ton section was brought to the
construction site in Istanbul from China with Russian giant Antonov aircraft
thanks to the custom design system. During the logistics operation, the
packaging system that was specifically designed and that reminds a giant cage
as a result of the harmonious operation of aircraft engineering and logistics
expertise ensured that the weight of the cargo was distributed within the
aircraft equally. This way, the shipment was completed successfully with the
flight safety maintained as the basic priority. The suspension cables designed
in South Korea and manufactured in China will carry the last deck slabs that will combine both sides in the
construction of the bridge. It is planned that the shipment of the remaining
cables will be conducted by sea transport in 2 lots.
The target is to reduce the intensity experienced in the Istanbul
provincial traffic with the completion of the North Marmara Highway Project
(including 3rd Bosporus Bridge) and provision of the necessary integration with
the other transport modes. When the air pollution and environmental problems
resulting from the heavy traffic are eliminated, total 1,785 billion-dollar
economic loss, approximately 1.450 billion-dollar of which is energy loss and
335 million- dollar workforce loss, will be prevented.
MARMARAY’S LOGISTICS BACKSTAGE
The first stage of Marmaray which is named as "Project of the
Century" with a history of 150 years and beyond, was put into service on
29th October 2013. This part of 13.5 km length consists of 5 stations, which
three of them are underground. Marmaray, which goes underground in Yedikule
after Kazlıçeşme, moves thorough Yenikapı and Sirkeci, crosses through under
Bosphorus, and reaches underground station at Üsküdar Istanbul in Anatolian
Side (Asia), then it goes on ground in Ayrılıkçeşme station and then ends in
Söğütlüçeşme. When Halkalı-Kazlıçeşme line part which enhancement works is
ongoing for, completed it will be connected to Marmaray. It is planned to
transport 75,000 passengers an hour in one direction, when the project is fully
commissioned.
Total line length will be 76 km. “Bosporus Railway Tube Crossing and
Gebze-Halkalı ground metro will not only carry passengers but cargo
transportation will be performed as well. When the Project is commissioned, 42
merchandise trains will be operated on line between Gebze-Halkalı. 42 train
services in total provided that 21 is outgoing and 21 is incoming, will be
operated in a day when the Project is completed. This project will not only connect Anatolian
and European sides, it will connect London and Beijing with an uninterrupted
railway line in one sense.
Portion of Logistics cost in total costs is 0.3% in Bosporus Railway Tube
Crossing (Marmaray) Project. Tubes that were placed under Bosporus within scope
of the Project were manufactured in Tuzla Dockyard. Turkish engineers were work
on construction of tubes whose engineering works have been performed by Japan
engineers. One tube lengths 135 meter and widths 15 meter and weights
approximately 18 thousand tons. 11 Tubes in total whose lengths vary between
98,5 meter and 135 meter have been used in Marmaray Project. Tubes have been
produced in Tuzla and then submerged Büyükada offshore. The most difficult to
transport equipment was Tunnel Boring Machine in the Project, which companies
as Öznakliyat, Batı Nakliyat, Mağdenli and Kamigumi have provided services for.
Kaynak: Lojistikhatti